LP 262 
.D4 P2 
1916 
Copy 1 



educational Surveys of 

DeKalb County and 

Union County 

Georgia 



By U / IT 

M. L. DUGGAN, Rural School Agent 



Nos. 13 and 14 




Under the Direction of the 

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 



M. L. BRITTAIN 

State Superintendent of Schools 

1916 



AS?' 



Educational Surveys of 

DeKalb County and 

Union County 

Georgia 



By 
M. L. DUGGAN, Rural School Agent 



Nos. 13 and 14 




Under the Direction of the 

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 

M. L. BRITTAIN 

State Superintendent of Schools 
1916 






D. of D. 

FEB 20 |9 IS 



DeKALB AND UNION COUNTIES 

The sole purpose in publishing the reports of these two 
counties together is the hope that a careful study of the 
school conditions in the other will stimulate each to fur- 
ther progress. The wide difference in resources is mainly 
artificial and largely due directly or indirectly to the differ- 
ence in transportation facilities. Nevertheless, a very great 
difference does exist. 

It will be noted that one county has a school population 
of 5,400, and a taxable valuation of $17,341,000.00, of 
which $8,000,000.00 is subject to the local county school 
tax levy. This levy cf 3 1-2 mills yields $28,000.00, which 
amounts to $5.19 per capita of the school population, in 
addition to the amount received from the State school 
funds. 

In the other county the taxable valuation amounts to 
$1,003,879.00, all of which would be subject to any county- 
wide local school tax. A similar levy of 3 1-2 mills would yield 
$3,513.62, or $1.65 per capita in addition to the State school 
fund of $3.15 per capita, which would be an increase of 
above 50 per cent on present condition. This ought to 
enable the administration to double the present efficiency of 
its public schools. 




DeKALB COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION. 




LOYALTY. 

" Rah ! Rah ! ! Rah ! ! ! — Rah ! Rah ! ! Rah ! ! ! 
"UN-ION HILL!!! — Rah! Rah!! Rah!!!" 

DeKALB COUNTY 



DeKalb County is located very near the State Capital, a 
part of the county embracing some of the suburbs of At- 
lanta, and reached by street car lines. 

The area of the county is 271 square miles ; the popu- 
lation is 27,881 ; the taxable values as returned in 1916 
amount to $17,341,000.00. The school population by the 
census of 1913 was 5,789. 

The county is traversed by the Southern Railway for 
20 miles, by the Seaboard Airline Railway for 10 miles, by 
the Georgia Railroad 25 miles, and by a belt line for 5 
miles, and 25 miles of trolley lines. 

The public roads of the county are for most part in 
first-class condition, making transportation easy every- 
where. There are in the county the following municipali- 
ties: Decatur (county seat), Lithonia, Stone Mountain, 
East Atlanta and Clarkeston. 



At Stone Mountain, Lithonia, and a few other places are 
extensive granite quarries, and there are several large fer- 
tilizer factories, Oil Mills, and other manufacturing plants 
in the county. The rural sections of the county are devoted 
largely to dairying and truck farming adjacent to the city 
of Atlanta, the balance of the county, comprising approxi- 
mately three-fourths of its area, is a strictly agricultural 
section, cotton being the main crop. Agriculture, like the 
other interests of the county, has been brought to a high 
state of development, and the county is prosperous. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

The educational assets of DeKalb county have been kept 
fully abreast of the material interests, viewed either from 
the money invested or the facilities offered. 

While this survey is limited to the Public School system 
of the county, attention is called to the other educational 
institutions. While these great institutions of learning are 
in nowise local, yet the county should benefit tremenduously 
from their being located within its territory. 

The county Public School System proper has certainly 
made more progress, and is now making more rapid pro- 
gress with the possible exception of Tatnall, than any 
other Georgia county. 

We find here, if not an ideally, certainly a well organized 
public school system. This cannot be said of very many 
Georgia counties as yet. 

The superintendent and county Board of Education seem 
to have assumed in good faith the trust imposed upon them 
by the people and are the business-like directors of public 
school education in their county. They initiate and lead in 
matters of educational progress, and do not wait to be driven 
by a discontented patronage. Results have fully justified 
such a policy and public sentiment proves the support they 
have received at the hands of the citizens of the county. 
Ample proof of this approving public sentiment is seen in 



the tremendous majority vote of the county in favor of 
local taxation for the better support of the schools, 1137 
for and 442 votes against the taxation measure. 

SUPERVISION. 

A capable superintendent is elected and is employed by 
the Board for his whole time. The superintendent gives 
constant and definite supervision to the schools and re- 
quires weekly and monthly reports from all teachers. A 
monthly meeting of all teachers is regularly held at his 
office. He thus keeps in constant touch with the work of 
every school. 

The schools of the county have been divided into five 
districts for contest purposes, and once a year there is a 
contest of the pupils of all the schools at a central place in 
each of these districts for the selection of representatives 
to a later county-wide contest at some central place in the 
county. These contests are in oratory, spelling, compo- 
sition, arithmetic, map-drawing, and athletics. They have 
incidentally served to create and keep alive a strong and 
wholesome school spirit among the pupils of the several 
schools, and the contagion has spread widely among the 
patrons and citizens These contests bring together an- 
nually large gatherings of the people in the several con- 
test districts, and later at the central point for the county 
contest. 

On these public occasions prizes are also awarded in the 
following contests: 

1. The school making the most improvements on the 
school grounds during the year. 

2. The school having the best school garden by the close 
of the spring term. (The garden also counts in grading 
for prize No. 1). 

3. The school having the best kept building and class 
rooms. (Not to apply to the quality of building). 



4. The school enrolling the largest per cent of the chil- 
dren of the school district. 

5. The school making the highest per cent of attend- 
ance. 

6. The school having the largest per cent of its patrons 
at the final contests. 

It has been said that "no school will ever be any better 
than its teacher". It may also be as well said that no 
county system will ever be any better than its superin- 
tendent and Board of Education. 

Working in full co-operation with the superintendent is 
Miss Julia Sewell, Supervisor of Home Economics, and Mr. 
R. S. Hunter, Farm Demonstrator, both secured through 
co-operation of the county with the State College of Agri- 
culture. 

MAINTENANCE. 

During the summer of 1914 the county adopted the "coun- 
ty-wide" plan of local taxation for their schools. Under this 
the Board of Education levies a school tax of 3 1-2 mills, 
which yields $28,000.00. The county's pro rata of the State 
school fund is $17,000.00, making a total annual mainte- 
nance fund of $45,000.00. This gives to the Board of Edu- 
cation sufficient funds to operate the schools for nine 
months, pay the teachers liberally and promptly, and give 
assistance to the various communities in building and re- 
pairing up-to-date school houses, and furnishing ample 
school equipment. 

A solution of the problem of maintenance does not solve, 
but makes possible the solution of all other school prob- 
lems. 

The public schools open at a uniform date about the first 
of September, and continue for nine months, with few ex- 
ceptions. The regular Daily Reports of Attendance at each 
school mailed to the superintendent at the end of each 






week keeps the office constantly advised of the progress of 
schools. There is system in the business. They know to 
what extent it is succeeding. 

THE SCHOOL HOUSES. 

From the photographs herein it is readily seen that most 
of the school houses were built for the purpose. They are 
attractive, comfortable, sanitary. They were generally 
planned with reference to the welfare of the children, and 
not built hap-hazard to meet the whims of jack-leg car- 
penters who knew nothing of the requirements of present- 
day school architecture. The important matter of proper 
lighting, so commonly overlooked in most rural school 
houses, has been given proper attention. School yards are 
generally well cared for, and very many schools have well 
kept gardens. 

Playgrounds are provided at many of them, and at some 
play appliances also„ Play is intelligently supervised at 
nearly all schools. 

At practically all of the schools toilets are provided, and 
at most of these they are kept in sanitary condition. 

Generally, drinking water is kept in covered coolers, and 
bubbling fountains or individual drink cups are the rule. 

The school equipment and teachers' helps provided are 
such as would be expected where other matters are so well 
attended to. Most of the schools are provided with good 
patent desks, many with single desks, teachers' desks, li- 
braries, first-class blackboards, maps, globes, reference dic- 
tionaries, etc. 

SELF-ACTIVITIES. 

At most of the schools are clubs of various kinds for 
promoting self-activities among the pupils. Debating so- 
cieties, literary societies, garden clubs, sewing circles, cook- 
ing clubs, canning clubs, and corn clubs contribute much to- 
ward the proper development and education of the boys 
and girls. 







MISS JULIA SEWELL 
Supervisor of Home Economics for DeKalb County. 



10 



The Boys' Corn Clubs are supervised by Mr. R. S. Hunt- 
er, the Farm Demonstrator for the county, while the Girls' 
Canning Clubs are promoted by Miss Julia Sewell, the coun- 
ty Home Economics worker. 

FOUR YEARS' PROGRESS IN DeKALB COUNTY SCHOOLS. 

1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 

1. Enrollment 2,419 3,440 3,705 4,354 4,459 

2. Average Attendance 1,365 1,846 2,072 2,556 2,739 

3. State School Fund $16,122 $16,728 $17,171 $16,788 $17,741 

4. Local Tax 8,365 7,460 15,632 21,905 28,000 

5. Value of School Property $41,625 $42,000 $45,000 $65,510 $75,000 

6. Completed School Houses 17 18 20 28 33 

7. School with Patent Desks 15 16 19 32 33 

8. Average monthly salary of 

white Teachers $51 $55 $55 $57 $57 

9. Average monthly salary of 

colored Teachers $18 $18 $20 $20 $20 

10. Teachers of normal 

training 20 18 30 52 55 

11. Members of Corn and 

Pig Clubs -- 35 70 91 172 

12. Members of Canning and 

Poultrv Clubs -- -- 65 79 124 

13. School Libraries 18 18 20 31 31 

14. Standard Schools — 2 5 21 24 

15. School Term (days) 135 135 140 180 180 

16. Per Cent, of Illiteracy: (1908, 8.2; (1913). 4.9. 

17. School Census: (1908), 5,166; (1913), 5,789. 

The educational institutions located in DeKalb County 
may be grouped as follows 

1. Colleges and Universities. These do not come within 

the survey, but are mentioned as located within the 
county for information. 

2. Municipal School Systems. These are operated under 

several separate "Local Acts", and are more or less 
connected with and related to the county system. 
They were visited, but not as carefully inspected as 
the rural and village schools of the county system 
proper, but do serve the public school demands of 
the county. 

11 



The Standard Schools of the County System. There are 
twenty-four of the public schools of the county which 
have attained the Standard prescribed by the State, 
and received their certificates of Standardization. 
This is the largest number of any county in the 
State. 

The Near-Standard Schools, or such as striving to be 
Standardized, but have not as yet received their cer- 
tificates, generally lacking in only a few particulars. 
There are ten of these in the county, and some of 
them will remain in this class for only a few months 
longer. 

Those schools that will not grade according to adopted 
standards of measurement into any of above classes. 
There are four of these. 






]2 




!?7j: 77 



I 



197 : 23* • 295/2 9A\2 93 \292> 29i ]29<i\ Q- 

~f +?P--kH--- 4 -- 4 - 

ft7^ : J7» ; 75o «/ : *« , 7b.j; 7«< j zffT rj^S r ?<T'%*»« 

__^._f_ f. -feJi^itiEt -A- 

*.? 7.4 ?: 744 • ?4 ? 7AAQz. 



i*iAPOF 

rte Kaljs Co. G-a.. 

School Districts 

AND 

Location or Schools 



t 






LTV /MaiK 

R P Ev<m.s 

AH. n«Jdo« 
V/.A Womock. 




STAMPS CHAPEL SCHOOL. 

Miss Ossie Robertson, Teacher. 

This school is taught in a small church, no school garden, 
two toilets in bad condition; improperly lighted, difficult to 
keep warm in winter, double patent desks, good blackboards, 
no other equipment ; covered water cooler, individual drink- 
ing cups ; no clubs ; two teachers, seven grades, 55 pupils. 

ROXBORO SCHOOL. 

Miss Elizabeth Sewell, Teacher. 

Small lot, little room for playgrounds, no school gardens, 
one-room building, fairly well lighted, no cloak rooms ; home- 
made desks, poor black-boards, no equipment ; sewing club ; 
one teacher, seven grades, 43 pupils. 

NORTH DECATUR SCHOOL. 

Mr. C. W. Ewing, Teacher. 

A temporary school near Decatur; temporary building on 
small lot ; no equipment except patent desks ; seven grades, 
40 pupils. 

A PRIVATE CHURCH SCHOOL. 

Seventh Day Adventist Church. Rev. J. H. Shrock, Mrs. 

J. H. Shrock. 

This school is not under the public school system of the 
county, but is serving the educational interest of a few 
pupils. It is fairly well equipped with single desks, globes, 
blackboards, small maps, dictionaries, and a small library; 
two teachers, nine grades, 32 pupils. The school is sup- 
ported by church pledges of about $500.00. 



13 




1. Basketball at Redan School. The church building shown is 
adjacent to the school lot, and is used by the school as an auditorium 
when needed. 2. Remodeling the old building at Wesley Chapel 
School. 3. Class working in a school garden at Caldwell School. 
4. Recess at Midway School. 

14 



CHAMBLEE SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. J. W. Green, Principal; Miss 

Pauline DeVoe, Miss Edna McDaniel, Miss Blanche 

Waiter, Miss Elizabeth Moore. 

A standard school. Two-acre lot; small play grounds 
poorly kept ; school garden, two toilets in bad condition ; 
$3,000.00 building, five class rooms, cloak rooms, and domes- 
tic science room ; well lighted, well kept ; single patent desks, 
good black boards, charts, maps, a few pictures, and small 
library; good well on lot, covered coolers and individual 
drinking cups; cooking, corn and pig clubs; school and 
home improvement club ; five teachers, ten grades, 200 
pupils. 

EAST END SCHOOL. 

Mr. B. B. Patterson. Principal; Miss Annie Reeves, Miss 
Nellie Smith, Miss Lehman Chapman. 

One and one-half acre lot (title in a land company) ; play 
grounds well improved; no school garden, two toilets in 
fair condition; $3,000.00 building, four class rooms, well 
lighted, no cloak rooms ; single patent desks, good black- 
boards, maps, charts, globes, pictures, library, reference 
dictionary, illustrative materials; canning, poultry, and de- 
bating clubs ; covered water coolers, bubbling fount ; four 
teachers ; eight grades ; 160 pupils. 

OUSLEY CHAPEL SCHOOL. 

Miss Nancy Dixson, Teacher. 

Small lot on church property, fine grove, school garden, 
good playgrounds, toilets in good condition ; $700.00 build- 
ing, well planned, one room, no cloak room, well lighted, 
very attractive, covered water cooler, individual drinking 
cups, single patent desks, blackboards, maps, pictures, li- 
brary, no reference dictionaries ; one teacher, three grades, 
thirty pupils. Note: This school is limited to three grades. 

15 




1. Belmont. 2. West End. 3. Sylvester. 4. Marvin. 5. Rock- 
land. 6. Rehobeth School. 7. Shady Grove. 

16 



INGLESIDE SCHOOL, 

A Standard School. Mr. M. W. McKee, Principal; Miss 

Lula Edwards, Miss Beulah Marks, Miss Maie David, 

Miss Alice Rivers, Miss Annie Austin, Mrs. 

G. A. Camp. 

Small lot, part of playgrounds on adjoining lot, school 
gardens, sanitary toilets ; $10,000 brick building, seven class 
rooms, library rooms, domestic science room, and rest room, 
and an auditorium and cloak rooms, properly lighted, furn- 
ace heat; single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, 
pictures, reference dictionary, bubbling fountains ; canning, 
cooking, sewing, literary, and school and home improvement 
clubs ; seven teachers, ten grades , 242 pupils. 

CEDAR GROVE SCHOOL. 

Miss Nellie Morris, Teacher. 

Acre lot, covered with large cedais, small garden, one 
toilet, sufficient playground; $1,200.00 building, one class 
room, no cloak rooms, poorly lighted, well kept; double 
home-made desks, poor blackboards, one map, no pictures, 
no charts, no reference dictionary, small library, no clubs; 
one teacher, seven grades, 37 pupils. 

OAK HILL SCHOOL. 

Miss Delia Moore, Teacher. 

One acre lot, few trees, very small playgrounds, garden, 
one toilet in good condition ; $500.00 building (new building 
being planned) one class room, no cloak rooms; double pat- 
ent desks, poor blackboards, no charts, no reference diction- 
ary, one map, water in open buckets, common dippers ; no 
clubs ; one teacher, seven grades ; 26 pupils. 



17 








'BE^KB^^ 


^*tSfc,%'i^tfiSH^B§B ■ 




* 1 


o 







m 



1. Lithonia. 2. Stone Mountain. 3. Clarkston. 4. East Lake. 

18 



REHOBETH SCHOOL 

A Standard School. Miss Ina Norman and Miss Mary 
Norman, Teachers. 

One acre lot, few trees, ample playgrounds, well kept, two 
toilets in good condition; new $2,000.00 building, two class 
rooms, cloak rooms, single patent desks, good blackboards, 
maps, pictures, library, reference dictionary, illustrative 
materials ; pig, corn, and poultry clubs ; bubbling fountain ; 
two teachers, seven grades, 96 pupils. 

OAK GROVE SCHOOL. 
Mr. H. T. Murphey, Principal; Miss Essie Jones. 

One acre lot, mostly grove, school garden, one toilet in 
good condition; $1,500.00 building, two class rooms, cloak 
rooms, well lighted, painted inside and outside, well kept; 
home-made desks, good blackboards, maps, globes, pictures, 
library, no reference dictionary, covered water cooler with 
bubbling fountain; pig, canning, and school improvement 
clubs; two teachers, seven grades, 67 pupils. 

UNION HILL SCHOOL. 

Mr. L. S. Pounds, Principal; Miss Florence Stephenson, 
Miss Hayden Plunket. 

One acre lot, small grove, improved playgrounds, school 
gardens, two toilets in good condition; $1,200.00 building, 
three class rooms, poorly lighted, no cloak rooms, well kept ; 
single patent desks, good blackboard, one map, globes, pict- 
ures, library, reference dictionary, victrola, etc., bubbling 
fountain; pig, canning, and school improvement clubs; 
three teachers, eight grades, 110 pupils. 

MOUNT VERNON SCHOOL. 
Miss Thelma Heath, Principal; Miss Florence Simpson. 

Small lot, unimproved, small playgrounds, toilets in good 
condition, school garden; $1,200.00 building, two class 

19 







1. East End. 2. Cedar Grove. 3. Oak Hill. 4. Ingleside. 
5. Mountain View. 6. Panthersville. 7. Montreal. 

20 



rooms, cloak room, fairly well lighted ; single patent desks, 
good blackboards; no maps, no charts, no reference diction- 
ary, small library, pictures ; covered water cooler, individual 
cups ; literary clubs ; two teachers, eight grades, 50 pupils. 

OAKLAND SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. O. T. Griffin, Principal; Miss 
Bessie Haynie. 

Two acre lot, grove in rear, being improved, small play- 
grounds, good school garden, sanitary toilets ; $2,000.00 
building, two class rooms, cloak rooms, perfectly lighted, 
well kept; single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, 
globe, pictures, library, reference dictionary; organ, bub- 
bling fountain ; corn and pig clubs ; two teachers, seven 
grades, 51 pupils. 

BETHEL SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Nannie Lou McMichael, Teacher. 

One acre lot, bare, being improved, good playgrounds; 
gardens, sanitary toilets ; $1,200.00 building, one class room, 
cloak rooms, perfectly lighted, well kept; single patent 
desks, good blackboards, maps, pictures, library, no refer- 
ence dictionary, covered water cooler, individual cups ; can- 
ning and pig clubs; 33 pupils have home gardens under 
school supervision ; one teacher, seven grades, 55 pupils. 

INDIAN CREEK SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Ruby Duke, Teacher. 

One acre lot, groves, small playgrounds, garden, sanitary 
toilets ; $1,000.00 building, one class room, cloak room, fairly 
well lighted, well kept; double patent desks, good black- 
boards, maps, pictures, library, no charts, no reference dic- 
tionary; bubbling fountain, canning and poultry clubs; one 
teacher, seven grades, 54 pupils. 

21 




1. Pine Grove. 2. Seventh Day Adventist. 3. Stamps Chapel. 
4. Tilley. 5. Indian Creek. 6. Roxboro. 7. Bethel. 8. Chamblee. 



22 



TILLY SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Maude King, Principal; Miss 
Mary Myers. 

Two and one-half acre lot, fine grove, grounds improved, 
very small playgrounds; school garden, sanitary toilets; 
$1,100.00 building, two class rooms, cloak rooms, well light- 
ed, well kept, single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, 
pictures, library, reference dictionary, covered water cool- 
ers, individual cups; corn and pig clubs; junior civic league; 
two teachers, seven grades, 53 pupils. 

ROCK CHAPEL SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Rubye Braswell, Principal; 
Miss Bessie Chupp. 

One and one-half acre lot, well improved, ample play- 
grounds, school garden, sanitary toilets; new $3,000.00 
building, well planned, three class rooms; domestic science, 
library, and cloak rooms and hall; perfectly lighted, well 
kept ; single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, pictures, 
library, reference dictionary ; bubbling fountain and cov- 
ered cooler; canning and school improvement clubs; two 
teachers, eight grades, 65 pupils. 

CALDWELL SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Fae Guill, Principal; Miss 
Lois Weldon. 

Two and one-half acre lot, very rolling, grove in rear, 
small improved playgrounds, successful gardens, yards beau- 
tified, sanitary toilets; $1,500.00 remodeled building, two 
class rooms, cloak rooms, well kept, fairly well lighted, bub- 
bling fountain, single patent desks, good backboards ; one 
map, small globe, pictures, reference dictionary, library ; bird 
boxes; corn, canning, poultry, pig, school improvement and 
manual training clubs ; two teachers, seven grades, 105 
pupils. 

23 







DISTRICT CONTESTS AND ATHLETICS. 

1. At the District Contest at Salem School. The Noon Hour. 
2. Giving the school yell at Redan School. 3. Dinner-on-the-grounds 
at a District Contest at Chamblee School. 4. Supervised Play at 
Rehobeth School. Church in background used when needed for school 
auditorium. 5. Basket Ball at Union Hill School. 

24 



MIDWAY SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. D. S. Chambers, Principal; 
Miss Florence DeLoach. 

One and one-half acre lot, well improved, small play- 
grounds, school gardens, sanitary toilets; $1,600.00 remod- 
eled building, well planned, two class rooms, kitchen, cloak 
rooms, perfectly lighted, well kept; single patent desks, 
teachers' desks, good blackboards, maps, pictures, library, 
reference dictionary, reflectoscope, well equipped domestic 
science room; bubbling fountain, corn, canning, cooking, 
sewing, and school improvement clubs; two teachers, eight 
grades, 112 pupils. 

WESLEY CHAPEL. 
Mr. T. B. McKleroy, Principal; Miss Jennie Miller, Miss 

Addie Park. 

Small lot, not yet improved, play grounds, no garden, 
toilets in fair condition; $1,500.00 building in process of 
being remodeled, three class rooms, cloak rooms, properly 
lighted; single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, no li- 
brary, no pictures, no reference dictionary, covered cooler, 
individual cups; three teachers, eight grades, 134 pupils. 

WEST END SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. John H. McGee, Principal; 
Miss Nell Hatcher. 

Half acre lot, titles in private estate, oak grove, play- 
grounds on adjoining lot, small garden, sanitary toilets; 
$1,500.00 building, remodeled, two class rooms, domestic 
science kitchen, cloak rooms, well lighted, and building well 
kept; double patent desks, good blackboards, maps, charts, 
pictures, library, reference dictionary, sand-table, kitchen 
equipment, bubbling fountain; cooking and canning club; 
two teachers, eight grades, 64 pupils. 

25 




1. Ousley Chapel Primary School. (This school is limited to four 
grades.) 2. Klondike School (Old), 1914. 3. Klondike School 
(New), 1915. 



26 



BELMONT SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Orsenie Crump, Principal; 
Miss May Bell Milton. 

One acre lot, almost wholly in grove, very small play- 
grounds, sanitary toilets; $1,600.00 building, remodeled, 
cloak rooms, well lighted and well kept; double patent 
desks, good blackboards, one map, charts, reference dic- 
tionary, library, individual drinking cups at well; corn and 
pig clubs ; two teachers, eight grades, 82 pupils. 

ROCKLAND SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. D. E. Bond, Principal; 
Mrs. D. E. Bond. 

One acre lot, wholly in grove, well cleaned up, small gar- 
den, sanitary closets; $1,500.00 building in process of being 
remodeled, three class rooms, cloak rooms, well lighted, well 
kept; single patent desks, good blackboards, one map, 
charts, globes, small library, no reference dictionary; cov- 
ered coolers and individual cups ; sewing and school im- 
provement clubs ; two teachers, seven grades, 130 pupils. 

SYLVESTER SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Alma Guill, Principal; 
Miss Ellie Callaway. 

Small lot, fine grove, small playgrounds, gardens, sanitary 
toilets; $1,800.00 building, two class rooms, cloak rooms, 
insufficient light, well kept; single patent desks, teachers' 
desks, good blackboards, maps, pictures, sand tables, etc., 
clay modeling, etc. ; two teachers, eight grades, 52 pupils. 

MARVIN SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Claudia Hensler, Principal; 
Miss Rosa Hensler. 

One acre lot, little improved, small playgrounds, garden, 
sanitary toilets; $1,500.00 remodeled building, two class 

27 




1. Bethel School (Old), 1914. 2. Bethel School (New), 1915. 
3. Oakland (Rocky Hill) School, built in 1915. 

28 



rooms, cloak rooms, perfectly lighted, well kept ; single pat- 
ent desks, one map, small globe, pictures, library, reference 
dictionary, covered water coolers, individual cups; literary 
society, domestic science club, corn club ; two teachers, eight 
grades, 73 pupils. 

MOUNTAIN VIEW SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. M. Y. Smith, Principal; 
Miss Daisy West. 

One acre lot, yards well kept, small playgrounds, school 
gardens, sanitary toilets ; $2,000.00 building remodeled, 
two class rooms, cloak room, well lighted, and well kept ; 
single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, charts, globes, 
pictures, library, reference dictionary, decorative flags ; 
corn, poultry, and school improvement clubs ; bubbling 
fountain ; two teachers, seven grades, 88 pupils. 

PANTHERSVILLE SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. L. E. Hemrick, Principal; Miss 
Willie Kate Carswell, Miss Connie Carswell. 

One acre lot, mostly wooded, playgrounds small, good 
school garden, two sanitary toilets; $2,000.00 remodeled 
building, three class rooms, cloak rooms, well lighted, well 
kept; single patent desks, good backboards, maps, library, 
bubbling fountain ; sewing club, school improvement club ; 
three teachers, ten grades, 110 pupils. 

KLONDIKE SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. W. O. McConnell, Principal; 
Miss Mary Weldon. 

One acre lot almost wholly in oak grove, very small play- 
grounds, small garden, two sanitary closets ; new $2,000.00 
building, two class rooms, cloak rooms, well lighted; single 
patent desks, teachers' desks, good blackboards, maps, 

29 




1. Union Hill. 2. Wiley. 3. Oak Grove. 4. Rock Chapel. 

30 



charts, globe, pictures, library, reference dictionary, bub- 
bling fountain; corn and pig clubs; bird boxes; two teach- 
ers, eight grades, 76 pupils. 

MONTREAL SCHOOL. 
Mr. H. C. Jordan, Principal; Miss Pauline Burgess. 

One acre lot, mostly in grove, small playgrounds; 
$1,600.00 building, two class rooms, two cloak rooms, well 
lighted, and well kept ; double desks, good blackboards, maps, 
pictures, library, reference dictionary; two teachers, seven 
grades, 73 pupils. 

SALEM SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Miss Emma Lewis, Miss Annie John- 
son, Miss Walter Ruth Lewis, Teachers. 

One and one-half acre lot, ample playgrounds, small gar- 
den, well kept, sanitary closets; new $2,500.00 building, 
three class rooms, cloak rooms, well lighted, well kept; 
nearby church used as an auditorium when needed; single 
patent desks, good blackboards, set of maps mounted in 
cases, pictures, small globe, library, reference dictionary, 
etc.; drawing, sewing, construction work, basketry; de- 
bating society; three teachers, eight grades, 110 pupils. 

REDAN SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. J. N. Wagner, Principal; Miss 
Frances Allen, Miss Annie Lou Phillips, Teachers. 

Two and one-half acre lot, well improved and well kept, 
ample playground well improved; school gardens (vege- 
tables and flowers), sanitary toilets; remodeled $3,000.00 
building, three class rooms and cloak rooms, properly light- 
ed; nearby church used when needed for an auditorium; 
good school equipment and teachers' helps; single patent 
desks, teachers' desks, blackboards, maps, pictures, charts, 
library, reference dictionary, victrola, and sand tables; dis- 

31 




1. Marvin School, 1915. (Before Repaired.) (2. Marvin School, 

1915. (After repaired.) 3. School Wagon, carry thirty children from 
an isolated district to Panthersville School. 

32 



play of school work, etc. ; bubbling fountain ; canning, poul- 
try, pig, corn, sewing, and school improvement clubs ; home 
work credits; three teachers, nine grades, 112 pupils. 

DORAVILLE SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. H. D. Meriwether, Principal; Miss 
Inez Stewart and Miss Essie Handcock, Teachers. 

Two acre lot, playgrounds in good condition, gardens, 
sanitary toilets; remodeled $2,500.00 building, three class 
rooms and cloak rooms, building well lighted and well kept ; 
single patent desks, good blackboards, maps, charts, pic- 
tures, library, reference dictionary; cooking, canning, corn, 
pig, and poultry clubs; civic league; three teachers, nine 
grades, 97 pupils. 

TUCKER SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. C. V. Brown, Principal; Miss 
Kathryn Roquemore, Miss Cloa Duke, Miss Ha Matthews. 

Three-quarter acre lot, grounds and playgrounds clean, 
but little improved; small garden, toilets in fair condition; 
new $3,500.00 building, four class rooms and cloak rooms, 
well lighted and well kept; single patent desks, good black- 
boards, maps, charts, pictures, library, etc.; bubbling foun- 
tain; cooking, sewing, corn, canning, poultry, school im- 
provement clubs; four teachers, nine grades, 171 pupils. 

DUNWOODY SCHOOL. 

A Standard School. Mr. R. L. Blackwell, Principal; Miss 
Rubye McWhirter, Mr. E. L. Blackwell. 

Two-acre lot, considerable improvements planned, play- 
grounds, school garden, sanitary toilets, remodeled 
$2,500.00 building, three class rooms and cloak rooms, well 
lighted, well kept; single patent desks, good blackboards, 
maps, charts, pictures, library, reference dictionary, etc.; 

33 







I. Redan. 2. Tuckep. 3. Doraville. 4. Dunwoody. 

34 



covered water coolers, individual cups; corn, canning, pig, 
poultry clubs; three teachers, nine grades, 121 pupils. 

PLEASANT HILL SCHOOL. 

Miss Nora Davidson, Teacher. 

Small lot, very rolling, unimproved grounds, no garden, 
sanitary toilets; small one-room building poorly lighted, 
well kept, no cloak rooms; long home-made desks, poor 
blackboards, no pictures, no equipment; corn club; one 
teacher, seven grades, 40 pupils. (This is a temporary 
school, consolidation with two others planned.) 

SHADY GROVE SCHOOL. 

Miss Nellie Pickens, Principal; Miss Bonnie Wells. 

One acre lot, well kept, in oak grove, small playgrounds, 
no graden, two closets; $1,000.00 building, two class rooms, 
no cloak rooms, poorly lighted, well kept; few pictures, 
good blackboards, no library, no reference dictionary; cov- 
ered coolers, individual cups ; corn club, school improvement 
club ; two teachers, seven grades, 65 pupils. (A new build- 
ing has been started which will be equipped for a standard 
school.) 

WILEY SCHOOL. 
A Standard School. Miss Genie Park, Teacher. 

One-half acre lot, improved, small playgrounds, garden, 
two sanitary closets; new $2,000.00 building, two class 
rooms, cloak rooms, perfectly lighted, well kept; single pat- 
ent desks, good blackboards, maps, pictures, library, refer- 
ence dictionary, bubbling fountain ; canning, corn, pig, poul- 
try, and school improvement clubs, debating and literary 
society; one teacher, seven grades, 66 pupils. 



35 




1. McDonough Street School. 2. Glenwood School. 

(Decatur City System.) 



36 




FIRST BOYS' CORN CLUB IN DeKALB COUNTY. 



R. S. Hunter, Agent in Charge. 

CORN CLUB work in DeKalb County was started in the spring 
of 1911 and has grown in membership gradually from year to 
year. The first year we had some 25 members and about ten 
of these came through and made a ten-ear exhibit and a report. In 
1915 we had 91 members in the Corn Club and 52 made a report with 
a ten-ear exhibit at our one-day Fair. The average yield for the 
52 boys was 48 bushels per acre at an average cost of 38 1-4 cents 
per bushel. The largest yield ever made in our county was 131 
bushels per acre by a Corn Club member. That was in 1914. In 
1915 the best yield was 101 bushels. The work this year is in good 
shape, but I have but 58 members on roll. Have added pig club 
work this year, and our motto is Hog and Hominy at Home. Farm 
conditions have improved at least 50 per cent in the past six years 
and the club work has played a very prominent part to bring about 
this condition. 

37 







© +i 

o w 

J3 >» 

>> 

£ o 

Je * 

"5 -^ 

es cs 

O w 



38 




1. Play at Kirkwood. 2. Supervised Play at Kirkwood. 3. Kirk- 
wood School Building. 

KIRKWOOD SCHOOL. 
W. M. Parker, Principal, With Thirteen Teachers. 

Four hundred and forty enrollment, nine grades, two 
good buildings, twelve class rooms ; well lighted ; well 
seated, single desks ; good equipment throughout ; three 
acre lot, fine grove, ample playgrounds well improved, two 
volley ball courts, one tennis court, one baseball and football 
grounds, flying rings, horizontal bars, two tether balls, two 
see-saws, five stationery swings, slides, dumb bells, wands, 
victrolas, etc. 

Note: Miss Martha Winsborough, Physical Director and 
Supervisor of Play, gives her whole time to this work, de- 
voting daily twenty minutes to each class in school. 

39 




1. Edgewood School. 2. East Atlanta School. 

ATLANTA SYSTEM. 

These two schools are a part of the Atlanta system, 
although located within DeKalb County. Both are well 
equipped throughout and fully supplied with modern helps 
and conveniences, ample playgrounds, etc. 

Edgewood School: Miss Ora Stamps, Principal; thirteen 
teachers, seven grades, enrollment 486. 

East Atlanta School: Miss Rusha Wesley, Principal; 
eight teachers, seven grades, enrollment 305. 



40 



DECATUR SCHOOLS. 

Municipal System. Prof. E. E. Treadwell, Superintendent. 

The entire system has developed under the long adminis- 
tration of Prof. Treadwell, and during the past seven years 
all of the present buildings have been constructed, costing 
$100,000.00. 

Three buildings, fully equipped, 30 teachers, 11 grades, 
enrollment 1200 pupils; maximum limit to each teacher, 
40 pupils. 

(See pages 36 and 38.) 

ORPHANS HOME SCHOOL. 

Miss Edith Hopkins, Principal; Miss Alma Stribling, Mr. 

Blake Cash. 

Small lot in grove of oaks, ample play grounds in good 
condition, sanitary toilets, no gardens ; $3,000.00 building, 
three class rooms, no cloak rooms, building well lighted, 
and well kept ; patent desks in poor condition, good black- 
boards, maps, charts, pictures, library, dictionary ; no clubs ; 
three teachers, eight grades, 125 pupils. (This school is 
owned and controlled by M. E. Church South, North Geor- 
gia Conference.) 

UNIVERSITIES. 

In no sense local, but because located in DeKalb County, 
attention is called to the following three great institutions. 
These stand in the first class among the great universities of 
the land, and the cause of education in DeKalb County 
should profit tremendously by reason of their location. In a 
sense they are a part of the educational assets of the county. 

(See pages 42, 43 and 44.) 



41 




42 




43 




pq 



o 
c 

Xi 

u 
03 



X! 

= 
u 






44 



**X£^!%-, — yJtrapssalyiwL. 



"J . if 

aAfSAt 







^<r%- 



mi 



^>s>^V*N? V,.,., * 



HAP OF UNIONCOUNTY 



QEORqiA 



Bethany 

Ivy Log 

Antioch 

New Hope 

Russell 

Ebenezer 

Smyrna 

Bell 

Pleasant View 

Pleasant Hill 

Windy Hill 

Brasstown Zion 

Harmony Grove 

Track Rock 

Old Liberty 



UNION COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 



New Libert \ 

Choestoe 

Pine Top 

Hood 

Berry 

Shady Dale 

Fairview 

Coosa 

Mt. Pleasant 

Spriggs' Chapel 

Zion 

Mt. Lebanon 

Mt. Airv 

Pleasant Valley 

Mt. Pleasant 



Corinth 
Center Hill 
Bunker Hill 
Young Cane 
Timber Ridge 
Camp Ground 
Confidence 
Bethlehem 
Providence 
Mt. Zion 
Union 
Bruce 
Mt. Olivet 
BlairsvIIle 




One of the Fertile Valleys. 



UNION COUNTY 

Union County is located in extreme North Georgia, on 
the northern side of the Blue Ridge mountain range, and 
bordering North Carolina. The average elevation is two 
thousand feet, many of the mountain peaks reaching above 
four thousand, and Brasstown Bald (or Enota Mountain) 
attaining 4768 — the highest in the State. 

The taxable value of the county, as returned for 1916, 
total $1,003,879.00, of which about one-third is owned by 
non-residents. Most of this non-resident property consist 
in large tracts of original forests held by foreign corpora- 
tions. The United States Government, also, has acquired a 
considerable area for the Appalachian Forestry Reserva- 
tion. 

The county has an area of 324 miles, a population of 
6918, and a school population of 2114 white and 19 negro 
children. The mountain slopes are covered with an original 
forest of hardwood timber, and abound in mineral wealth. 



46 



Unused water powers go wasting everywhere. The valleys 
are very fertile, and pasturage for hogs and cattle is fine. 
Apple trees grow to large size and produce immense crops 
of finest fruit with a minimum of care. None of the rich 
resources of the county have been well developed. No rail- 
roads touch the county, and public roads have not yet been 
graded or well worked. The one greatest need of the 
county is first-class public highways. Always the wheels 
of progress move slowly where transportation is difficult; 
and a full development of the public school system can 
hardly be expected until a first-class road system is con- 
structed. Good roads will facilitate consolidation of the 
schools and in many ways bring a prosperity that will en- 
able the people to support their public schools more lib- 
erally. Good roads and good schools always go together, 
and neither will much precede the other. Therefore every 
effort to promote either cause will help both. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

This educational survey of the county occupied August, 
September, and part of October, with several interruptions. 

The mountains were aglow with richest autumn colors, 
the goldenrod agleam across the fields, and the purple asters 
banked in beauty everywhere. The school children were 
"saying their lessons" in the readers, sometimes stories of 
the gleaming goldenrod that bent in beauty close around 
the school house doors, but were not taught to identify the 
flowers of which they read. They labored hard to identify 
word-forms, which yielded to them little or no meaning. 
There were some exceptions. The work in the schools, as 
a rule, was formal and perfunctory, and brought little 
pleasure to teachers or pupils. 

There is very little Public School SYSTEM in Union 
County. There is, of course, a county Board of Education, 
which meets monthly and hears complaints and petitions, 
formally approves the monthly payrolls, and attends to 

47 



other routine matters. There is a county school Superin- 
tendent, who is their executive officer, and is paid the min- 
imum salary allowed by law. He, therefore, could hardly 
be expected to do much more than attend to the routine 
duties as prescribed by the letter of the law. He does this 
faithfully. 

There are forty-three public common schools (white) in 
the county, and one high school at the county seat, partly 
supported by the State Baptist Mission Board. These 
common schools are located too close together in the settled 
sections of the county. (See map.) Sometimes they are 
not more than a mile and a half apart, and seldom more 
than three miles. It is difficult to discover what originally 
determined their locations, except that most of them are 
located in churches. No evidence or maps could be found 
showing definite school district lines. Very many of these 
buildings are comfortable, and some of them attractive, but 
none of them sufficiently lighted. 

At none of them could be found any kind of school toilets. 
Home-made desks were found at two places only. All of 
the others were poorly seated with long benches, sometimes 
with backs. Home-made blackboards constituted the only 
other school "equipment," except at two or three places as 
elsewhere stated. At some places, however, commendable 
effort is being made by individual teachers to secure cheap 
maps. 

The people (presumably the patrons) hold elections for 
teachers at the several schools annually. These elections 
have, in many instances, degenerated into political contests, 
and have worked serious injury to the schools. This is 
always the result wherever the selection of teachers be- 
comes a matter of common politics in the community. 

The teachers and the patrons determine the opening and 
closing dates of the terms without notice to the county 
school officials, and the occasional suspensions for days or 
weeks during the term are determined by the conveniences 
or whims of teacher or patrons without notice to anybody. 

48 






Nobody can tell at any given date whether all of the schools 
are in operation or not. However, more of the schools are 
supposed to be running during August than at any other 
given date, and hence I was advised to undertake the sur- 
vey of the schools during this month. 

As expected, it was found that nearly all of the 
schools were running in August. It was also found that 
very many protracted meetings were running in August. 
At many schools most of the pupils were absent, attending 
protracted meetings nearby, which leads us to conclude that 
August is about the worst month of the year to secure any 
regular attendance at the schools. 

At nearly all of the schools some children were found 
without books; and at one school a spelling book for each 
pupil was the only ones found. As a rule the children are 
very poorly supplied with textbooks. 

The attendance is very irregular, and often the children 
attend one school for a part of the term and then go with- 
out permission or notice to another one. Some cases were 
found where they would attend one school until it closed 
out, and then continue at the next nearest one. Many live 
near enough to take their choice of several schools. 




Miss Etta Colclough Giving an Out-Door Demonstration in Home 

Canning. 

49 



A notable work is being done in the county by Miss Etta 
Colclough, Home Economics Worker, under the direction of 
the State College of Agriculture, in co-operation with the 
United States Department of Agriculture. The Women's 
Baptist Missionary Union of Macon and the county Board 
of Education co-operate in sustaining this work. Under her 
direction and influence nearly twenty-five thousand cans of 
tomatoes and other vegetables have been put up by the 
Girls' Clubs and in their homes this year. This work has 
also served to quicken the interest in public education 
throughout the county and to influence it in a proper direc- 
tion. 

Under formal, classical training the highest ambition of 
nearly every boy educated in the mountain sections is to get 
away; and they do it as quickly as possible, leaving their 
home section undeveloped and poorer. This is an inevitable 
result of the character of their training. Therefore the 
slow development of education in these sections is largely 
the direct result of the character of their schools. "What- 
ever is introduced into the public schools will presently ap- 
pear in the life of a nation." 

The long time devoted to the survey in Union County 
gave us opportunity to be present at the three meetings of 
the county Board of Education for August, September and 
October, to confer freely with the Grand Jury at the Oc- 
tober term of the Superior Court, and to get fairly well 
acquainted with the citizens of the county generally. Every 
encouragement and facility was cordially offered me in 
making a very thorough educational survey, and there is a 
strong and growing sentiment over the county for better 
schools. The Grand Jury strongly endorses any serious ef- 
fort to that end, and the county Board of Education is 
awake to the situation. The county is ripe for educational 
progress, and we confidently predict immediate and rapid 
improvement in the system and in the schools. 

For the purpose of promoting and aiding in this improve- 
ment the following recommendations are respectfully sub- 

50 



mitted for the earnest consideration of the school authori- 
ties and citizens of the county: 

RECOMMENDATIONS. 

1. The county should be laid off into school districts, as 
required by law. In doing this careful consideration should 
be given to desirable consolidations of schools, some of 
which are indicated elsewhere in this Bulletin. 

2. The election of all teachers should be by the county 
Board of Education after nomination by local trustees and 
endorsement by the county Superintendent, as prescribed 
by law. Thus both authority and responsibility is fixed 
definitely in the county Board of Education as contemplated 
by the law and indicated by the interests of the schools. 
This would abolish one of the greatest evils that is afflict- 
ing the schools of the county. 

NOTE — By unanimous resolution the Board of Education adopted 
this recommendation at their October meeting while this Bulle- 
tin was being written. 

3. A uniform date should be prescribed for the opening 
of all of the schools of the county, and the school term 
should be continuous. A five months' school year is too 
short to be divided into two or more terms. No interrup- 
tions should be allowed except upon special notice to and 
permission from the county Board or its executive officer. 
The school term should not conflict with the protracted 
meeting season. 

4. Full time service should be required of the county 
Superintendent of Schools, and a salary paid commensurate 
with such services. No public school or other large business 
interest ever succeeded without close, constant, and efficient 
supervision. 

5. While a reduction of the number of schools through 
consolidations will increase the maintenance of each of 

51 



those left, the public school funds for Union County will 
still be entirely inadequate to the educational demand of 
Union County children. The proper education of these 
children constitute by far the greatest public interest of 
the county. Therefore we would strongly urge the citi- 
zens of the county to vote a local school tax of two or three 
mills for the further improvement of their schools. Their 
children are worth it. Much of this burden would fall upon 
non-resident property owners who will willingly bear it. 
The entire county would benefit greatly. 

6. Much of the funds paid for maintenance of the public 
schools is being wasted because so many of the children are 
unsupplied or poorly supplied with necessary text-books. 
We would, therefore, recommend (if the local school tax is 
adopted) that necessary text-books for the first four grades 
be supplied (loaned) to all of the children. This can now 
be done under the recent Yeomans Bill. 

There may be errors in this survey, but we trust they 
are not serious ones. Judgments will differ concerning the 
matter of grouping the schools for purposes of consolida- 
tion. We do not claim that the grouping as given herein 
are the best possible arrangements, but do sincerely trust 
that the suggestions offered may serve to stimulate the 
citizens of the county to serious thinking about the propo- 
sition, and to aid the Board of Education in reducing the 
number and increasing the efficiency of the schools of the 
county. 

We submit the Bulletin to those interested in the better 
education of ALL of the children of the county with the 
earnest hope that each will be willing to make serious ef- 
forts and considerable sacrifices to that end. The future of 
the county depends directly upon the character of its pub- 
lic schools. Better public schools and better public roads 
are the prime needs of the county, and the attainment of 



52 



either will powerfully accelerate the accomplishment of the 
other. 

With genuine interest in the welfare of the children, 

M. L. DUGGAN, 

Rural School Agent for Georgia. 

Atlanta, Oct. 15, 1916. 



P. S. The map herein is based upon the U. S. Geological 
Survey of the county, and we are indebted particularly to 
Mr. B. H. Stone for aid in properly locating the schools 
upon it. 




Inside View "No Equipment' 



53 



> t 







Blairsville Collegiate Institute. 



BLAIRSVILLE COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE. 

Faculty: H. E. Nelson, Principal, Math., English, Bible. Mrs. H. E. 
Nelson, History, Science, Latin. Miss Addie Kate Reid, In- 
termediate Grades. Miss June Candler, Primary Grades. 
Miss Etta Colclough, Home Economics, etc. Mrs. Maud Har- 
ralson, Music. 

Grounds: Seven acres, beautiful elevation, good condition, tennis 
courts, toilets m fairly good condition. 

Buildings: Academic building, four rooms, painted, plastered, fairly 
well lighted, in fair condition. Dormitory, two stories, forty 
bed rooms, parlors, library, offices, etc., in excellent condi- 
tion, well furnished throughout. Barns, stables, outhouses, 
etc. 

Organization: Four teachers in literary department, special depart- 
ments of music and domestic science, usual enrollment about 
150 pupils, eleven grades, B. Y. P. U. and literary societies, 
8 months school year. 

Equipment: Double patent desks, good blackboards, maps and charts, 
library of 250 volumes, reference dictionary, sand table, water 
from wells on lot, covered coolers, individual cups. 

NOTE — This is the only High School in Union County, and is under 
the auspices of the Baptist Mission Board, co-operating with 
the County Board of Education. This maintenance is also sup- 
plemented by a moderate tuition fee for a part of the year. 



54 




1. Zion School. 2. Mt. Lebanon. 3. Mt. Airy. 

1. Zion School. D. W. Garrard, Teacher. Church building, with- 

out equipment, enrollment 7. 

2. Mt. Lebanon School. Mrs. Ray Pruitt, Teacher. Good building, 

ceiled, unpainted, floor oiled, good home-made desks, black- 
boards, sand-tables, bird charts, maps, unframed pictures, 
five grades, 55 pupils enrolled, average 3 1-2 miles southwest 
to Mr. Airy School; 2 miles northeast to Zion. 
3. Mt. Airy School. C. T. Luncef ord, Teacher. Church building, with- 
out equipment, enrollment 27. 
NOTE— Mt. Lebanon school is reasonably accessable to the patronage 
of these three schools. Two teachers there receiving the pay of 
three at the separate schools should render twice as efficient 
service to each child of the three communities. A little supple- 
mental fund added through local taxation or otherwise could 
quickly make Mt. Lebanon a Standard School serving well the 
edurational demands of the enlarged school district. 

55 







1. Fair View. 2. Coosa. 3. Mt. Pleasant. 



1. 



3. 



Fairview School. W C. Sullivan, Teacher. 2 miles southeast to 
Coosa, 2 1-2 miles east to Blairsville, 2 1-2 miles west to 
Center Hill, 3 miles west to Bunker Hill. Building in very 
bad repair; no equipment. Enrollment 32, 4 grades. 
Coosa School. Miss Docia Lance, Teacher. Good building, paint- 
ed, ceiled, insufficiently lighted. Long benches, 2 maps, chart, 
blackboards, teachers' desk. Enrollment 38. 
Mt. Pleasant School. W. T. Sullivan, Teacher. 2 miles northwest 
to Coosa School; mountains to the Southward. Church build- 
ing; no school equipment. Enrollment 37; 5 grades. 
NOTE — One good school located at or near the central one of this 
group, and more liberally supported than either of the three 
can possibly be under present conditions, would be enabled to 
serve the educational demands of the communities far better than 
any present service. The improved school facilities ought no.t 
to be withheld longer from the children. None of them would 
be greatly inconvenienced thereby. 

56 




1. Smyrna. 
6. Antioch. 



2. Bell. 3. Ebeneezer. 4. Fair View. 5. Russell. 



57 



1. Smyrna School. Miss Bessie Mauney, Teacher. Two and one- 

half miles southwest to Ebenezer School. Very small un- 
finished church building; unceiled. No school equipment. 
Long benches. Seven grades; enrollment 32. 

2. Bell School. Miss Belle Mauney, Teacher. Three miles southwest 

to Ebenezer School; mountains between. Unfinished build- 
ing, long benches; no equipment; six grades, enrollment 34. 

3. Ebenezer School. I. V. Rogers, Teacher. Building 30 x 40 x 8 

feet, ceiled, unpainted, in bad repair. Long benches, maps 
sand table, poor blackboards, teacher's desk. One teacher, 
seven grades, enrollment 33. 

4. Pleasant View School. Miss Callie Hill, Teacher. Two miles 

northwest to Ebenezer School. Delapidated building; no 
school equipment. One teacher, enrollment 20. (Four pupils 
present on day inspected.) 

5. Russell School. Miss Queen Henson, Teacher. Two and one- 

fourth miles northeast to Ebenezer School. Log building in 
very bad repair, poorly lighted. No school equipment. One 
teacher, enrollment 20, seven grades. 

6. Antioch School. W. N. Clements, Teacher. Three miles north to 

Ebenezer School Good church building, painted, ceiled, com- 
fortable. No school equipment, long benches. One teacher, 
enrollment 45, seven grades. 

NOTE — This group calls loudly for consolidation. See also map. 
The mountain barriers perhaps would exclude the Bell School 
from participation, and possibly Antioch would better group in 
another direction, but there could be no objections urged against 
a consolidation of the other four. All the benefits arising from 
consolidation could be easily available to a very large number of 
children who now have very meager educational opportunities. 



58 




1. Corinth. 2. Mt. Pleasant. 

1. Corinth School. Clarence Rich, Teacher. Church building in 

bad repair, uncomfortable. No school equipment whatever; 
long, uncomfortable benches. One teacher; enrollment 30; 
5 grades. Three miles south to Mt. Pleasant. 

2. Mt. Pleasant. Miss Mary Maulden, Teacher. Nearly centrally 

located between Corinth and Pleasant Valley. Good church 
building, painted, poorly lighted. No school equipment; long 
benches. One teacher; enrollment 24; 6 grades. 

3. Pleasant Valley School. Miss Janie Carder, Teacher. One and 

one-half miles northeast of Mt. Pleasant School, four miles 
from Corinth School. Good church building, painted, com- 
fortable, poorly lighted. No school equipment; long benches. 
One teacher; enrollment 56; 6 grades. 

NOTE — A central location near Mt. Pleasant would be easily accessa- 
ble to all of the patrons of these three schools. If the expenses of 
maintenance for the three schools was devoted intelligently to 
the one central school it would afford to all of the children 
three times better educational advantages than they now get. 

59 




1. Track Rock. 2. New Liberty. 3. Pine Top. 4. Old Liberty. 
5. Choestoe. 6. Hood. 



60 



A PROBLEM OF CONSOLIDATION. STUDY THE MAP. 

1. Track Rock School. Miss Ida Self, Teacher. Two and one-half 

miles west to New Liberty, three miles southwest to Old Lib- 
erty. Good church building, ceiled, painted, insufficiently 
lighted. No school equipment; long benches. One teacher; 
6 grades; enrollment 54. 

2. New Liberty School. J. W. Twiggs, teacher. One and one-half 

miles north to Old Liberty School, one and one-half miles 
southeast to Pine Top School, three miles southwest to Choes- 
toe School. Building of heavy hewed logs, weatherboarded 
with good poplar lumber, and ceiled with walnut ceiling, 
very small windows let in but little light; poorly seated 
with benches. One teacher; 6 grades; enrollment 40. 

3. Pine Top School. Allen Dyer, Teacher. Three miles north to 

Old Liberty, 1 1-2 miles northwest to New Liberty. Church 
building, comfortable, poorly lighted; benches; no school 
equipment except blackboard and sand table. One teacher; 
enrollment 44; 7 grades. 

4. Old Liberty School. H. A. Dyer, Principal; Watson Dyer, Assis- 

tant. One and one-half miles east to New Liberty, 3 miles 
south to Choestoe, 2 1-2 miles northwest to Track Rock, 
3 miles southwest to Henson. Large church building, one 
room, ceiled, painted; long benches, blackboards; no other 
school equipment. Two teachers; 7 grades; enrollment 72. 

5. Choestoe School. W. J. Sullivan, Teacher. Three miles north to 

Old Liberty, 3 miles northeast to New Liberty, 3 1-2 miles 
east to Hood School. Good one-room building, 24 x 50 x 12, 
painted, ceiled with good poplar lumber; long benches; no 
school equipment. One teacher; 7 grades; enrollment 37. 

6. Hood School. H. E. Jones, Teacher. Three and one-half miles 

west to Choestoe School. Church building; no school equip- 
ment. One teacher; 7 grades; enrollment 53. 

NOTE — It is hardly probable that these six schools can well be con- 
solidated into one, but very likely two properly located would 
be accessable to all of the patrons. Certainly the situation can 
be greatly improved in the interest of better schools. The prob- 
lem should receive the earnest consideration of county school 
officials and citizens of community. 



61 




1. Union. 2. Mt. Zion. 3. Bethany. 

62 



SOME CONSOLIDATIONS ADVISABLE HERE. 

1. Union School. James Patterson, Teacher. Delapidated building, 

uncomfortable; insufficiently lighted; no school equipment. 
One teacher; 7 grades; enrollment 33. One and three- 
quarters miles from Mt. Zion School, 2 miles to Bruce. 

2. Mt. Zion School. Miss Myrtle Mauney, Teacher. Large two-story 

building, Lodge rooms overhead; two school rooms; fairly 
good repair; painted; home-made desks; no school equip- 
ment; 7 grades; enrollment 61. One and three-fourths miles 
to Union School, 2 miles to Olivet, 2 miles to Bruce, 2 1-2 
miles to Bethany. 

3. Bethany School. Miss Mary McClure, Teacher. Two-story build- 

ing, Lodge overhead; building in fairly good repair; home- 
made desks; no other school equipment. One teacher; 6 
grades; enrollment 34. Two and one-half miles to Mt. Zion 
School, 2 miles to Union, 2 1-2 miles to Ivy Log. 

4. Bruce School. Miss Flossie Cook, Teacher. Building recently 

burned; temporary quarters, no equipment. One teacher; 
enrollment 24. Two miles to Mt. Zion School, 2 miles to 
Union, 2 miles to Olivet. 

5. Mt. Olivet School. J. M. Clements, Teacher. This school being 

temporarily closed we failed to see it. Described as average 
in the county. One teacher; enrollment 47. Two miles to 
Mt. Zion, 2 miles to Bruce, 2 miles to Union. 



NOTE — It is entirely possible to make consolidations of some of 
this group to the advantage of all. Efficiency demands it. A 
business-like study of the situation will solve the problem. 



63 




1. Bethlehem. 2. Confidence. 3. Camp Ground. 4. Providence. 

1. Bethlehem School. W. 0. Kincaid, Teacher. Old building in bad 

repair; very badly lighted; long benches; good library case 
with 150 volumes; U. S. map; no other school equipment. 
Seven grades; enrollment 55. One and one-half miles south 
to Confidence school. 

2. Confidence School. R. L. Sullivan, Teacher. Church building; 

very large room; long benches; no school equipment. One 
teacher; 7 grades; enrollment 52. One and one-half miles 
north to Bethlehem, 2 miles south to Camp Ground, 3 miles 
east to Providence. 

3. Camp Ground School. S. H. Neal, Teacher. Small building in 

good repair; long benches; no school equipment. One teach- 
er; 7 grades; enrollment 50. Two miles north to Confidence, 
2 1-2 miles east to Young Cane. 

4. Providence School. Garnett Brackett, Teacher. Good church 

building; painted; ceiled; insufficiently lighted; long benches; 
no school equipment. One teacher; 6 grades; enrollment 38. 
Three miles west to Confidence, 3 miles northwest to Beth- 
lehem, 3 miles northeast to Antioch. 
NOTE — Near this is another group of schools which were tempor- 
arily closed, so not visited. They, also, are very near to each 
other, and to some of above. They consist of Young Cane, 
Bunker Hill, and Center Hill schools. See map. 

64 




1. Pleasant Hill. 2. Windy Hill. 3. Brasstown Zion. 

1. Pleasant Hill School. A. J. Ledford, Teacher. Grounds being- well 

graded; good building; ceiled; benches; blackboards; no 
other school equipment; 7 grades; enrollment 41. School 
building, but used for church services. Three miles from 
Blairsville. 

2. Windy Hill School. Miss Lula Rogers, Teacher. Two miles north- 

east from Blairsville; good building; seated with long benches; 
no school equipment; 6 grades; enrollment 22. 

3. Brasstown Zion School. Miss Irwin, Teacher. Located very near 

Towns county line; four miles east of Windy Hill School; 
good building; sand table; blackboards; map; long benches; 
5 grades; enrollment 18. 

NOTE — At least two of above schools should be consolidated. Windy 
Hill is too near to Blairsville, and Brasstown Zion is too near 
the county line. One good school located between the two would 
better serve the cause and be more convenient to the patronage, 
except such as could easily reach Blairsville. 

65 




5 Iv 1 ' Lo Sdy ° ale ' 2 ' Berry ' 3 ' Harmon y Grove - 4 - Timber Ridge. 



66 



1. Shady Dale School. C. J. Dyer, Teacher. Good building; poorly 

lighted; partly ceiled; long benches; no school equipment; 
7 grades; enrollment 49. 

2. Berry School. Miss Lou Self, Teacher. Good building; unceiled; 

very small windows; long benches; 7 grades; enrollment 32. 
No school equipment. 

3. Harmony Grove. Miss Irene Penland, Teacher. Small building; 

ceiled; poorly lighted; clean and well kept; small lot well 
cleaned up; long benches; no school equipment; 7 grades; en- 
rollment 48. Two miles south to Shady Dale, 3 miles southeast 
to Berry School. 3 miles north to 'Blairsville, 4 miles east 
to Track Rock. 

4. Timber Ridge School. Miss Nellie McClure, Teacher. Small, un- 

finished, rough building; insufficiently lighted; lot cleaned 
off and well kept; long benches, map, and blackboard; 7 
grades; enrollment 28. Remote from other schools. See 
map. 

5. Ivy Log School. A. L. McClure, Teacher. Church building; no 

school equipment; 7 grades; enrollment 30. See map for 
location. 

6. New Hope School. Miss Laura Mauney, Teacher. Teaching tem- 

porarily in a dwelling; no school equipment; 6 grades; en- 
rollment 34. See map. 

7. Spriggs' Chapel School. J. H. Seabolt, Teacher. Church building; 

seated with long benches; very little school equipment; 7 
grades; enrollment 21. This school seems to serve a com- 
munity that could not easily reach any other school location. 



67 




Blairsville. (Negro School.) 

THE ONLY NEGRO SCHOOL IN UNION COUNTY. 

Teacher: Miss Ruth Lee (Educated at Trinity College, S. C.) 

Located near Blairsville; small but comfortable building; ceiled; 
poorly lighted; home-made desks, blackboards, maps, charts; build- 
ing in good repair and neatly kept; 5 grades; enrollment 13. Chil- 
dren well supplied with books. 

According to the census of 1913 there are only 19 negro children 
in Union County. 



68 



The following minimum standard of efficiency for rural 
schools sent to the various counties by the State School Su- 
perintendent has been largely used as the basis of measure- 
ment in the survey. 

Educational results and good teaching generally are not 
often secured in a shiftless-looking building in which 
neither patrons, pupils, nor teachers take any pride. In- 
definiteness has been removed at this point through the 
standard school. In the larger towns and cities pressure 
of public sentiment and the comment of visitors will sooner 
or later force good educational conditions — and they are im- 
proving constantly. Rural communities need to be shown 
and inspired by educational leaders and we have sent di- 
plomas to two hundred forty-six county schools where the 
superintendents have certified to the fact that they have 
measured up to the standard in every particular. Fulton, 
Newton and Hancock have received half of these, and there 
are a number of localities in the State where the feeling is 
that no rural community in the county is able to bring its 
school up to these very reasonable requirements. I cannot 
help but think that this is a mistaken view and that some 
standard schools could be secured in every county in Geor- 
gia and that these would serve to inspire the others to pro- 
gress. Superintendents have written that the use of this 
efficiency test has developed more progress in the past 
twelve months than for years previous in the way of im- 
provement. The plan is of no value, however, where it is 
not used or applied and I earnestly hope we will have the 
effort at least of every Superintendent in the State to have 
his county represented on this roll of honor. The list will 
be published in the next Annual Report. The standard is 
not unreasonably high and no more than the Georgia parent 
has the right to expect. Copies should be posted in every 
county school room in the State and can be secured for this 
purpose at any time on application to the State Department 
of Education. To be entitled to a diploma a school should 
measure up to the standard in the following particulars: 

69 



GEORGIA STANDARD SCHOOL. 



I. 
The Teacher. 

1. Good Teaching. 

2. Good Order and Management. 

3. First Grade Certificate. 

4. Full, Neat, and Accurate 

School Register. 

5. Daily Program Posted i n 

Room. 

6. Teacher's Manual on Desk. 

II. 
Grounds. 

1. Good Condition. 

2. Playgrounds. 

3. School Garden. 

4. Two Separate Sanitary 

Closets. 

III. 
Building. 

1. Painted Outside. 

2. Plastered, or Ceiled and Paint- 

ed. 

3. No Leaks. 

4. Windows without Broken 

Panes. 



5. Cloak Rooms. 

6. Good Doors with Locks and 

Keys. 

7. Clean and well-kept. 

IV. 
Equipment. 

1. Patent Modern Desks. 

2. At least 20 lineal feet of 

Blackboard per Room. 

3. Building Comfortably Heated 

and Ventilated. 

4. Framed Pictures on the Wall. 

5. Dictionary, Maps, and Library. 

6. Sanitary Water Supply. 

V. 

Associated Activities. 

1. Manual Arts, Corn, Canning, 
Poultry, or Cooking Club. 

VI. 
Salary of Teacher. 

At least $40 per month. 

VII. 
Term. 

At least seven months. 






70 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



019 877 509 5 



> 

I 



